General information

Burn is a common injury, which in many cases is underestimated by the patient and sometimes by doctors providing medical care in non-specialized hospitals and wards.
The skin is the largest and most complex organ in the human body, which performs many important functions - it provides a barrier between harmful microorganisms and adverse factors of the environment and the human body. It supports immunity, regulates body temperature and helps maintain a constant composition of body fluids. The skin has sensory and a number of other important functions. When we have a burn, the skin breaks its integrity and cannot perform its functions. If the burn rate is high, the human body cannot compensate for the impaired functions, pathological changes occur in all organs and systems, and with improper treatment, the prognosis is quite negative.

In case of inadequate treatment, even for small burns, permanent consequences of an aesthetic and functional nature occur. The treatment of thermal trauma requires a complex interdisciplinary approach and well-trained specialists.

Conservative treatment
Superficial burns /degree I and II/, which are expected to epithelize within two to three weeks, are subject to conservative treatment. This treatment includes hydroprocedure and surgical removal of all dead tissue, the intervention being carried out, of course, under anesthesia.

A preparation with a local effect is placed on the damaged area, and these are often specialized dressings that contain nanocrystalline silver. Silver is a powerful antiseptic and keeps the wound from becoming infected until it heals. After complete epithelization, hydration of the affected area and protection from direct sunlight for a period of at least six months is recommended.

Surgical treatment
Deep burns (II and III degrees) are subject to surgical treatment. Under general anesthesia, surgical removal of the dead tissues and covering of the wounds with free skin autograft with full-layer or split dermal autograft is performed. In case of limited burns, it is possible to cover the defect with local tissues. In the postoperative period, a strict hygienic and dietary regimen is observed, rehabilitation begins as early as possible.