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Ischemic heart disease (IHD) - stable and unstable angina pectoris, known as "chest toad", and the most severe form - myocardial infarction, is characterized by pain behind the breastbone, sometimes radiating to the neck and left arm. The pain can occur at rest, during physical exertion or emotional stress, sometimes after getting up from sleep or after eating, and can also be provoked by cold. It varies in intensity and duration.
If such a crisis is suspected, it is important for the patient to remain lying down or seated, to place a Nitroglycerin tablet under the tongue if available, and if the pain does not subside, to seek medical help immediately. In these cases, an electrocardiogram must be performed to assess the condition of the heart and the need for additional tests and appropriate treatment. In some patients, most often those with stable angina or patients with silent ischemia who have no pain, an exercise electrocardiogram (stress test, or so-called bicycle ergometry), echocardiography, and certain specialized laboratory tests are necessary for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.
Timely treatment of high blood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol, diabetes and obesity reduces the risk of the occurrence and development of this disease and its complications.
Risk factors for the occurrence and development of this disease are elevated blood pressure, obesity, smoking, and diabetes. Hereditary predisposition also plays a certain role.
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