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Metabolic syndrome is defined as the constellation of interrelated physiological, biochemical, clinical and metabolic factors that directly increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all causes of mortality. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome worldwide varies from 10% to 84%, depending on the region, urban or rural environment, population composition (sex, age, race and ethnicity) of the studied population, and the definition used for metabolic syndrome.
It is believed that the development of metabolic syndrome is based on the suboptimal action of one's own insulin, the so-called insulin resistance. An increase in waist circumference above 94 cm in men and above 80 cm in women carries a risk of developing chronic complications related to increased body weight, due to the high frequency of developing insulin resistance. Family history regarding obesity and diabetes mellitus is also of great importance and requires timely clarification of the predisposing factors.
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